Zinc Phosphate
Zinc phosphate is not on FDA's GRAS or food additive lists for direct human food use. Inhalation/ingestion of dusts can cause GI irritation and zinc toxicity at high doses (UL = 40 mg zinc/day for adults).
What it is
An inorganic zinc salt (Zn3(PO4)2). Primarily used in dental cements, anti-corrosion coatings, and as a non-food industrial pigment.
Not approved as a direct food additive in the U.S. or EU; this material does not have a recognized food function. Has appeared in pet food recalls and toothpaste/oral care formulations.
Why it's flagged
- Zinc phosphate is an industrial pigment but the food-grade form is also used as a zinc mineral supplement at trace doses. Severity reflects the supplement context.
- Not approved for direct human food use
- GI irritation and zinc toxicity at high doses (adult UL = 40 mg zinc/day)
- Industrial pigment — encountering in food suggests contamination
What regulators actually say
"The tolerable upper intake level (UL) for zinc is 40 mg/day for adults. ... Excessive doses of zinc can cause adverse effects including nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and headaches."
Regulatory status
United States — FDA
Not listed as approved direct human food additive; zinc oxide and zinc gluconate are the food-approved zinc sources.
European Union — EFSA
Not authorized as direct food additive; zinc compounds for food fortification are listed in Reg. 1925/2006.
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