Tin
Tin migration from tin-coated cans into food is regulated; high tin levels can cause GI irritation. EFSA has set guidance levels (e.g., 200 mg/kg in canned beverages, 150 mg/kg in other canned foods).
What it is
Metallic element used in food packaging (tin-coated cans) and as an additive (stannous chloride).
Migration from tin-plated containers; stannous salts used as color retainer/antioxidant.
Why it's flagged
- GI irritation at high levels
- elevated levels possible in old or damaged tin cans
What regulators actually say
"Acute health effects (gastric irritation) have been reported at intakes above approximately 200 mg/kg of food for tin in canned beverages and 150 mg/kg in other canned foods."
Regulatory status
United States — FDA
Tin migration limits via 21 CFR 175 (food contact substances).
European Union — EFSA
EFSA has set tolerable intake guidance; acute reference dose 4 mg Sn/kg bw.
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