Rosin
The food-grade ester gum form (E445) has been evaluated by JECFA/EFSA with established ADIs; raw rosin is not typically ingested. Colophony is a known contact allergen in cosmetic/topical contexts.
What it is
Solid resin obtained from pine trees (also called colophony); contains abietic acid and related diterpenes.
Glycerol/wood-rosin esters are permitted as a food additive (E445) used as a stabilizer/density adjuster in citrus-flavored beverages; raw rosin itself is mainly industrial.
Why it's flagged
- contact allergen in topical use
What regulators actually say
"Glycerol ester of wood rosin may be safely used in food in accordance with the conditions in 21 CFR 172.735."
Regulatory status
United States — FDA
Glycerol ester of wood rosin permitted in beverages (21 CFR 172.735)
European Union — EFSA
E445 (glycerol esters of wood rosin) approved with established ADI
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