Prunus Amygdalus Amara Kernel Oil
The food-grade form is refined, prussic-acid-free bitter almond oil that is GRAS under 21 CFR 182.20 and free of hydrogen cyanide. Only this HCN-free version is permitted in food; the unrefined oil naturally contains amygdalin that can release toxic hydrogen cyanide and should not be ingested.
What it is
Bitter almond kernel oil (Prunus amygdalus amara), traditionally containing amygdalin which can release cyanide.
Flavoring (after removal of hydrocyanic acid) and cosmetic ingredient.
Why it's flagged
- natural amygdalin/HCN content can cause cyanide poisoning if the unrefined oil is ingested
What regulators actually say
"Section 182.20 includes 'Bitter almond oil, FFPA' (free from prussic acid) among essential oils GRAS for use in food."
"Annex III of Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 sets maximum levels of hydrocyanic acid in foods to which flavourings and/or food ingredients with flavouring properties have been added."
Regulatory status
United States — FDA
Bitter almond oil (FFPA-free, free from prussic acid) GRAS as natural flavor under 21 CFR 182.20.
European Union — EFSA
Annex III of Regulation (EC) 1334/2008 sets maximum levels for hydrocyanic acid in flavorings/foods (e.g., 35 mg/kg in confectionery, 50 mg/kg in marzipan).
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