Grapefruit Juice
Grapefruit juice is a whole-fruit-derived beverage providing vitamin C and flavonoids. Its key clinical concern is well-documented inhibition of intestinal CYP3A4 and OATP transporters, which can substantially alter blood concentrations of many medications.
What it is
Juice extracted from Citrus paradisi fruit.
Beverage and culinary ingredient.
Why it's flagged
- Significant drug-interaction potential
- Sugars from juice
What regulators actually say
"Grapefruit juice can affect how some medicines work, including some drugs that lower cholesterol, treat high blood pressure, and others."
"Grapefruit juice is the food prepared from the unfermented juice obtained from mature grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macfadyen)."
Regulatory status
United States — FDA
Standardized food (21 CFR 146.135); FDA recommends checking medication labels for grapefruit interactions
European Union — EFSA
Permitted foodstuff
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