Glyceryl Rosinate
EFSA's 2018 re-evaluation set a temporary ADI of 12.5 mg/kg bw/day pending reproductive/developmental toxicity data. Most ingested E 445 is excreted unchanged; absorption is low (~5%).
What it is
Glycerol esters of wood rosin (E 445), a complex mixture of glycerol esters of resin acids derived from longleaf and slash pine wood rosin.
Density-adjustment/stabilizing agent for citrus oils in beverages (keeps oil droplets dispersed and prevents 'ringing').
Why it's flagged
- EFSA temporary ADI (data gaps in reproductive toxicity)
What regulators actually say
"Based on the toxicity database and given the absence of reproductive and developmental toxicity data... the ADI of 12.5 mg/kg bw per day for GEWR (E 445) as established by the SCF in 1994 should be temporary pending the provision of such data."
"Glycerol ester of wood rosin... may be safely used as a flavoring adjuvant in beverages... in an amount not to exceed 100 parts per million in the finished beverage."
Regulatory status
United States — FDA
Permitted as a flavoring adjuvant in non-alcoholic beverages at <=100 ppm under 21 CFR 172.735.
European Union — EFSA
Permitted (E 445); temporary ADI 12.5 mg/kg bw/day.
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