Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract
Ginkgo biloba leaf extract is a herbal supplement with documented bleeding risk due to anticoagulant effects (interacts with warfarin, aspirin). NTP studies in rodents found clear evidence of carcinogenicity.
What it is
Standardised extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves (typically EGb 761), used as botanical/supplement.
Botanical supplement ingredient — not a permitted food additive in EU.
Why it's flagged
- bleeding risk / drug interactions
- NTP rodent carcinogenicity findings
- EFSA rejected health claims
What regulators actually say
"There was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of Ginkgo biloba extract in male and female rats."
"A cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of Ginkgo biloba L. and maintenance of cognitive function."
Regulatory status
United States — FDA
Marketed as dietary supplement under DSHEA; not GRAS as food additive.
European Union — EFSA
EFSA rejected most ginkgo memory-related health claims; permitted as botanical ingredient with restrictions.
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