Fully Hydrogenated Vegetable Oils
Unlike partially hydrogenated oils (banned by FDA in 2018), fully hydrogenated oils contain virtually no trans fat. They are, however, very high in saturated fat, which CDC links to elevated LDL cholesterol and cardiovascular disease risk.
What it is
Vegetable oils whose double bonds have been almost entirely saturated by hydrogenation.
Solid/semi-solid fat used for structure and shelf-life in processed foods.
Why it's flagged
- very high saturated fat
What regulators actually say
"FDA finalized its determination that PHOs are no longer 'generally recognized as safe' (GRAS)."
"Eating foods with a lot of saturated and trans fats can raise unhealthy cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease."
Regulatory status
United States — FDA
Permitted (PHOs are not GRAS).
European Union — EFSA
Permitted; industrial trans fat capped at 2 g/100 g fat.
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