Propane-1‚2-Diol Esters Of Fatty Acids
Also known as: E477
EFSA has established an ADI of 25 mg/kg bw/day. The additive is metabolized to propylene glycol and fatty acids, both of which are well-characterized.
What it is
Propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids (propylene glycol esters, E477) are emulsifiers made by esterifying propylene glycol with food-grade fatty acids.
Emulsifier and aerating agent, particularly in cake mixes, whipped toppings, and bakery products.
Why it's flagged
- very high intake could exceed ADI in some scenarios
What regulators actually say
"Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions ..."
"The Panel established an ADI of 25 mg propylene glycol/kg bw per day for propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids (E 477) ... and concluded that there was no safety concern at the refined exposure estimates."
Regulatory status
United States — FDA
Approved as direct food additive in cake/whipped toppings (21 CFR 172.856)
European Union — EFSA
E477 - ADI 25 mg/kg bw/day; re-evaluated 2018, no safety concern
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