Phytic Acid
Also known as: E391
Phytic acid is intrinsically present in many plant foods. In high amounts it binds minerals (iron, zinc, calcium) and reduces absorption — a concern only in monotonous plant-based diets.
What it is
Phytic acid (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate); naturally occurring storage form of phosphorus in seeds, grains, and legumes.
Antioxidant/chelator; can be added as stabilizer (E391) in some processed foods.
Why it's flagged
- mineral absorption inhibition (Fe, Zn, Ca) at high dietary phytate
What regulators actually say
"Phytate (in legumes and grains) reduces nonheme iron absorption from these foods and from foods consumed at the same meal."
"Phytic acid intake from natural sources varies considerably; the Panel did not identify safety concerns at usual dietary levels."
Regulatory status
United States — FDA
Phytic acid is not listed as a direct food additive in the US, but is intrinsically present in foods; specific food-additive uses are limited.
European Union — EFSA
Permitted as E391 in specific food categories under Regulation 1333/2008.
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