Monosodium Phosphate
Also known as: E339i, Monosodium monophosphate, Acid monosodium monophosphate, Monosodium orthophosphate, Monobasic sodium phosphate
Monosodium phosphate is GRAS in the U.S. and authorized in the EU as a food additive (E339i).
What it is
Monosodium phosphate (E339i; sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4) — an inorganic sodium phosphate salt.
Acidity regulator, sequestrant, emulsifier, and buffering agent in processed foods.
Why it's flagged
- Adds bioavailable inorganic phosphate; high intake associated with cardiovascular and renal harm, especially in CKD
- EFSA 2019 group ADI of 40 mg P/kg bw/day; population intake can exceed this for high consumers and children
What regulators actually say
"Sodium phosphate (mono-, di-, and tribasic). The ingredient is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing practice."
"The Panel established a group acceptable daily intake (ADI) for phosphates expressed as phosphorus of 40 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day...the ADI is exceeded in infants, toddlers and children with mean and high consumers across the EU."
Regulatory status
United States — FDA
GRAS — listed in 21 CFR 182.1778 (sodium phosphate) and 184.1804 (sodium phosphate).
European Union — EFSA
Authorized as E339(i) in Annex II of Regulation (EC) 1333/2008; group ADI of 40 mg P/kg bw/day (EFSA 2019).
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