Monosodium Citrate
Also known as: E331i, E331
Monosodium citrate (E331i) is GRAS in the US and authorized as a food additive in the EU with no numeric ADI specified due to low toxicity. It is widely used in foods and infant formula.
What it is
Monosodium citrate (E331i) is the monosodium salt of citric acid, a buffering and sequestering agent.
PH regulator, acidity buffer, sequestrant, emulsifier.
What regulators actually say
"Sodium citrate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when used as a sequestrant, buffer, emulsifier... in accordance with good manufacturing practice."
"Citric acid (E 330) and citrate salts E 331, E 332 and E 333 are authorised food additives... ADI 'not specified'."
Regulatory status
United States — FDA
GRAS per 21 CFR 184.1751 (sodium citrate).
European Union — EFSA
Authorized as E 331; EFSA group ADI 'not specified' for citrates.
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