Gold
Also known as: E175, Pigment Metal 3, element 79
Elemental gold is biologically inert and not absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract; EFSA's 2016 reevaluation did not identify safety concerns at typical decorative use levels but flagged data gaps regarding particle size and impurities. It is permitted as E175 in the EU but is not approved as a food color in the US.
What it is
Elemental gold (Au), used as a decorative leaf or powder food coloring (E175).
Decorative coloring on confectionery, liqueurs, and cake decorations.
Why it's flagged
- data gaps on particle size and metallic impurities (lead, silver)
- not FDA-approved as food color in the US
What regulators actually say
"The Panel concluded that the available data do not raise safety concerns regarding the use of gold (E 175) as a food additive."
Regulatory status
United States — FDA
Not approved as a color additive for food in the US
European Union — EFSA
Authorized as E175 in EU; reevaluated 2016 — no safety concern at reported uses, but data gaps noted
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