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Cod Liver

Low concern

Whole food source of vitamins A and D and omega-3 fatty acids. Excessive intake of cod liver oil can lead to vitamin A toxicity.

Found in

4 products

What it is

Liver of the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua); source of cod liver oil.

Eaten as a tinned/canned fish product and processed into cod liver oil supplements (rich in vitamins A and D, omega-3 fatty acids).

Why it's flagged

vitamin A toxicity at high supplement doses
fish allergen

What regulators actually say

"Cod liver oil... contains high amounts of vitamin A. Chronic high doses of preformed vitamin A... can cause adverse effects including hypervitaminosis A."

NIH Office of Dietary Supplements - Vitamin A Fact Sheet — ods.od.nih.gov

Regulatory status

United States — FDA

Fish food; subject to FDA seafood regulations.

European Union — EFSA

Permitted food.

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