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Cod Liver Oil

Low concern

Cod liver oil provides EPA, DHA, vitamin A, and vitamin D. It is an allergen for people with fish allergy.

Found in

35 products

What it is

Oil extracted from the liver of cod fish; rich in vitamin A, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, DHA).

Dietary supplement and source of vitamins A and D; sometimes used as a food fortificant.

Why it's flagged

fish allergen
vitamin A toxicity at high doses

What regulators actually say

"Excess preformed vitamin A can cause severe birth defects, reduced bone mineral density, and liver toxicity."

NIH Office of Dietary Supplements – Vitamin A — ods.od.nih.gov

"Cod liver oil is a rich source of EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids and the fat-soluble vitamins A and D."

NIH Office of Dietary Supplements – Omega-3 — ods.od.nih.gov

Regulatory status

United States — FDA

Permitted as a dietary ingredient; fish is a major food allergen under FALCPA.

European Union — EFSA

Permitted; vitamin A upper intake levels established by EFSA.

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